Bài 1.

a/ PTHH: Zn + 2HCl ===> ZnCl₂ + H₂

b/ n_Zn = 32,5 / 65 = 0,5 mol

=> n_H2 = n_Zn = 0,5 mol

=> V_H2(đktc) = 0,5 x 22,4 = 11,2 lít

Bài 2/

a/ PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl ==> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

b/ n_Al = 4,05 / 27 = 0,15 mol

=> n_H2 = 0,225 mol

=> V_H2(đktc) = 0,225 x 22,4 = 5,04 lít

=> n_AlCl3 = 0,15 mol

=> m_AlCl3 = 0,15 x 133,5 = 20,025 gam

a, PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

b, Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=3n_{Al}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)

\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)

c, Cách 1:

Theo PT: \(n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)

Cách 2:

Ta có: \(m_{H_2}=0,3.2=0,6\left(g\right)\)

Theo ĐLBT KL, có: m_Al + m_HCl = m_AlCl3 + m_H2

⇒ m_AlCl3 = m_Al + m_HCl - m_H2 = 5,4 + 21,9 - 0,6 = 26,7 (g)

Bạn tham khảo nhé!

a, \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

b, \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=0,45\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,45.22,4=10,08\left(l\right)\)

c, Ta có: m _{dd sau pư} = 8,1 + 200 - 0,45.2 = 207,2 (g)

Theo PT: \(n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,3.133,5}{207,2}.100\%\approx19,33\%\)

`Mg + 2HCl -> MgCl_2 + H_2`

`0,15`  `0,3`                           `0,15`       `(mol)`

`n_[Mg]=[3,6]/24=0,15(mol)`

`a)V_[H_2]=0,15.22,4=3,36(l)`

`b)m_[HCl]=0,3.36,5=10,95(g)`

`c)`

`H_2 + CuO` $\xrightarrow{t^o}$ `Cu + H_2 O`

`0,15`                  `0,15`                 `(mol)`

  `=>m_[Cu]=0,15.64=9,6(g)`

\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,6}{24}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Mg + 2HCl ---> MgCl₂ + H₂

          0,15->0,3------------------>0,15

          CuO + H₂ --t^o--> Cu + H₂O

                    0,15------>0,15

=> \(V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\\ m_{HCl}=0,3.36,5=10,95\left(g\right)\\ m_{Cu}=0,15.64=9,6\left(g\right)\)

pứ: Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl₂ + H₂

b. n_Fe = \(\dfrac{5,6}{56}\)= 0,1 mol

Từ pt suy ra được: n_HCl = 2.n_Fe= 0,2 mol

=> m_HCl = 0,2. 36,5 = 7,3 g

c. n_H2 = n_Fe = 0,1 mol

=> V_H2 = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 (lít)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{14,874}{24,79}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

a, \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,4.27=10,8\left(g\right)\)

b, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=1,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=1,2.36,5=43,8\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{14,874}{24,79}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH :

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)

0,4        1,2         0, 4          0,6

\(m_{Al}=0,4.27=10,8\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{HCl}=1,2.36,5=43,8\left(g\right)\)

a)   2Al +  6HCl   →  2AlCl₃  + 3H₂ 

b)    nHCl = \(\dfrac{65,7}{36,5}\)= 1,8 mol

Theo tỉ lệ phản ứng => nAl phản ứng = \(\dfrac{nHCl}{3}\)= 0,6 mol

=> mAl phản ứng = 0,6.27 = 16,2 gam

c) nH₂ = 1/2nHCl = 0,9 mol

=> V H₂ = 0,9.22,4 = 20,16 lít

`a)`

`Fe + H_2 SO_4 -> FeSO_4 + H_2`

`0,4`                                   `0,4`     `0,4`     `(mol)`

`n_[Fe]=[22,4]/56=0,4(mol)`

`b)m_[FeSO_4]=0,4.152=60,8(g)`

`c)V_[H_2]=0,4.22,4=8,96(l)`

 Fe + H2 SO4 ----> FeSO4 + H2 

0,4----0,4-----------0,4-----------0,4

n Fe=0,4 mol

=>m FeSO4=0,4.152=60,8g

=>VH2=0,4.22,4=8,96l

2Al+6HCl-->2AlCl₃+3H₂

0,3----0,9---------0,3------0,45

=>n _Al=8,1\17=0,3 mol

=>V_H2=0,45.22,4=10,08l

=>m _HCl=0,9.26,5=32,85g

=>m_AlCl3=0,3.133,5=40,05g

C2 :Bảo Toàn khối lượng 

=>m _AlCl3=40,05g